It is a common slogan There is no race; it's the human race & # 8221. To be
technical, humanity is a species, but I'll be a killjoy. Again be
technical, biological definition of species is:
& # 8230; biological classification category ranking just below the genus
or subgenus, including related organizations or potentially capable of
reproduction and # 8230 people;
As it happens, the USSR tried to prove this case the human race is much
more inclusive than expected. Even today s all is the climate, this monkey
case seems a little odd.
Ilya Ivanov background
Ilya Ivanovich Ivanov was a professor and researcher in biology. He became
a specialist in animal breeding, artificial insemination pioneer. This
technique was essential to his next act, hybridization. Ivanov has gone
through several different types of animals: cattle and buffalo, cattle and
antelopes, zebras and asses, rats and mice, mice and guinea pigs, guinea
pigs and rabbits, etc.
This blurs the definition of what we considered originally distinct
species. Thus these animals are inter-fertile, but generally prefer to mate
with their own kind, unless external influence against nature. Here, the
influence involved Professor Ivanov of the turkey baster. In 1910, it aired
the idea of man and monkeys crossing at the World Congress of zoologists
& # 8212; probably one of their most memorable conferences.
It's possible? Humans and chimpanzees have 98% of the DNA in common. Humans
have 23 pairs of chromosomes and chimps have 24 pairs. yet, Professor
Ivanov managed to cross species despite the different number of
chromosomes. After the Russian Revolution, he had his chance to test the
idea.
Monkey Business
An article New Science declared:
Despite the disapproval of the scientific establishment Ivanov got the nod
- and funds to mount an expedition to Africa to collect monkeys. The
documents show that the decision was pushed through by prominent members of
the Bolshevik government.
Ivanov first went to Paris in February 1926. The following month, he went
to the colonial French Guinea, arriving at a research station on primates
in Kindia. However, they have n t sexually mature chimpanzees. Then he
returned to Paris and compared notes on the capture of primates with Serge
Voronoff the gland surgeon monkey.
In November, Ivanov returned to Africa. He and his son rounded female
chimpanzees and, to the island of Conakry, tried to get three of them
pregnant. (. This implied turkey Baster procedure, rather than a dinner
date and a movie) Despite their efforts, the experience didn t work.
This convinced him that he was wrong. His next idea was to fertilize women
with monkey sperm. He wanted to do for some women in the region under the
guise of medical examinations. The colonial governor refused to allow this,
quite significantly. Score one for the governor.
More monkeying around
However, Ivanov wasn t deterred. In 1929, he set up shop in Sukhumi, in the
politically unstable region of Abkhazia now. His research station on
primates would then conduct studies on radiation exposure and vaccines. It
has five women to volunteer for insemination. It's unclear how freely they
cooperated; some accounts say they were prisoners.
However, the Orangutan Tarzan, his only male candidate adults died. As a
New York Times op-ed in October 2005 will place it:
Next Ivanov wrote a Cuban heiress, Rosalia Abreu. Abreu was the first
person to breed captive chimpanzees and had a great menagerie outside
Havana. Ivanov asked if one of his male chimpanzees may be available to
inseminate a Russian volunteer known to posterity only as "G."
First Abreu was nice. But Ivanov made the mistake of approaching Charles
Smith of the American Association for the Advancement of Atheism to support
fundraising. Smith was something of a showman & # 8212; he liked to appear
in public with a chimpanzee wearing a business suit & # 8212; and went to
the press with the proposal to Ivanov. The New York Times has
thundered, "Soviet Backs Plan to test evolution. "
The publicity has brought the matter to the attention of the Ku Klux Klan,
which threatened retaliation if Abreu participated in Ivanov experience,
calling it "abominable to the creator. "Abreu withdrew consent.
One point for the Tri-Kappa Fraternity. Ivanov ordered primates for
installation, but most of them died in transit.
The end (not)
The ape-man project was plagued with problems from the beginning, but the
policy was in. Lysenko became fashionable, and it was dangerous to be a
biologist. He was arrested, sent into internal exile, and died two years
later.
It already has some pretty strange tale weird twists and turns. Contrary to
what one might expect, Ivanov wasn t considered a kook in his time; his
first research (before the ape-man waterfall) did get results. In addition,
it was obviously an important priority. The initial funding (which in 2017
would be equivalent to $ 140K) wasn t an insignificant amount to the USSR,
which was doing a terrible job to feed its citizens. Finally, it was not
exactly a secret. Yet the story was essentially forgotten until the 1990s;
interest taken shortly after the archives became available.
Later, the Chinese have made the effort. As the independent St. Petersburg
reported 12/2/1981, repeated Chinese Ivanov the first experiment, and it
actually worked. A team of three members, including Ji Yongxiang, a
pregnant female chimpanzee. The article doesn t mention if this was
achieved through technical or turkey baster to the lying more & # 8221 ?;
routine.
Again, the political problems doomed the project. He was arrested during
the Chinese Cultural Revolution, and chimpanzee died negligence pregnant.
He indicated willingness to resume, which would be useful to create a
customized workforce for specialized tasks.
Ji Yongxiang was blowing smoke, or am I a monkey's uncle?
Ivanov motivation
So the main question that remains is why. perhaps showing the sanctity of
human life wasn t exactly a huge priority. As one account puts it:
According to Moscow newspapers, Stalin told the scientist: I want a new
invincible human being, insensitive to pain, resistant and indifferent to
the quality of food they eat and # 8221 ;.
Yet until the original newspapers can be identified and listed, consider
all apocryphal. Reginald Urch The Book Rabbit King of Russia cites indeed
some articles Leningrad newspaper dated 27.11.1925 and 05.12.1925. He
summarized:
The task of the expedition Ivanov was simple. He had to go to Congo and, if
possible, induce the French Pasteur there Workstation Professor Calmette to
help the Bolsheviks scientists to catch a certain number of monkeys female
chimpanzees. After that Ivanov and his staff would seek to fertilize the
apes by artificial methods and bring mothers with their little human apes
to gladden the heart of the anti-God Society in Soviet Russia and prove
that there is no God .
The New Scientist article goes in depth on possible motives, which gives
the following as the most likely:
The senior Bolsheviks Backed Ivanov were intellectuals who saw science as a
means to realize their dream of a socialist utopia. Politicians could
change the political system, nationalizing industries and farms turn into
large collective and # 8212, but the task of those entrusted to transform
scientists said Etkind. The goal was to match people to the socialist
concept of Soviet society and # 8221.
One way to do this is by eugenics positive & # 8221; using [AI] to
accelerate the diffusion of desirable traits & # 8212; a willingness to
live and work together, for example & # 8212; and get rid of primitive & #
8221; traits such as competitiveness, greed and the desire to own property.
There were many projects to change humanity, Etkind said. Ivanov was the
most extreme, but he managed then it would show that humans could be
changed radically and creatively & # 8221.
Most eugenicists at the right time promote high intelligence and prevent a
population explosion of dependents ever the government. The communist
version of eugenics apparently didn t share this goal. In fact, people with
monkeys crossing would be an effective way to produce a population too dull
to question government policies or the status quo sociopolitical.
Trying to manipulate the gene pool to produce compliant citizens, born to
meet the objectives of left & # 8230; Why does that sound so familiar?
Read more: Is genocide on the agenda Elite?
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